Tooth pathology limited to the crown.

Conditions:

• Uncomplicated crown fractures – enamel and dentine exposed – pulp NOT exposed (T/FX/UCF);
• Enamel hypoplasia or carious lesion,
• Recent complicated crown fractures – pulp exposure <48hrs (T/FX/CCF).

Treatment: composite restoration, vital pulp capping.

Periodontally affected tooth.

Conditions:

• Increased periodontal sulcus depth or pocket formation,
• Furcation exposure, 3. Gingival recession.

Treatment: subgingival curettage, placement of bone graft material, dentinal bonding techniques

• Linguoversion of mandibular canine teeth (304,404)

Treatment: coronal extensions, construction of an incline plate